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      From the collection of the Hamilton Museum of Steam and Technology. Illustration from Walter Lewis, "Steamboat Promotion and Changing Technology: the Careers of James Sutherland and the Magnet," Ontario History, vol. LXXVII, no. 3 (September 1985).

      Used in Barlow Cumberland, A Century of Sail and Steam on the Niagara River

      Watercolour of the steamboat FRONTENAC by Captain James Van Cleve, who sailed her competitor, the ONTARIO.

      Courtesy Canada Steamship Lines' Marine Hist. Coll. French Vessels in their Autumn Rig, on Lake Ontario

      Courtesy Canada Steamship Lines' Marine Hist. Coll. United States' Brigs JONES and JEFFERSON These vessels were in the United States Fleet on Lake Ontario in 1814.

      Courtesy Canada Steamship Lines' Marine Hist. Coll. H.M.S. PRINCE REGENT and Part of Sir James Lucas Yeo's Fleet on Lake Ontario, 1814 The other vessels are: Left wing, the Princess Charlotte and Niagara; centre, Prince Regent (flagship) and brig Charwell; right the schooner Magnet. ...

      Note: despite the title of this image, FRONTENAC did not move under steam until the spring of 1817.

      After three days of frantic repairs following the September 28 battle, the British squadron is seen leaving Burlington Bay. No American pursuit on that cruise meant that the six-ship squadron was able to continue back to Kingston for further repairs and provisioning.

      In the September 28, 1813 engagement, the Wolfe ran downwind into Burlington Bay and sought refuge close to shore. The pattern of damage on the flagship meant that she could only follow the wind's direction after she had benefit. Contrary to some reports, recent research has indicated the the ships …

      At the climax of the September 18, 1813 battle on Lake Ontario, the Royal George (sunlit) prevents the American flagship General Pike from boarding the damaged British flagship HMS Wolfe. As the larger American ships towed their smaller counterparts, the Pike is seen towing the schooner USS Asp. This episode …

      The new British flagship the St. Lawrence is striking on October 23, 1814 in the late afternoon sunlight with HMS Netley as a dark contrast in the foreground. Other visible ships are Princess Charlotte, Prince Regent and Montreal.

      A view of the late 1814 British squadron underway on Lake Ontario. The ship-of-the-line St. Lawrence leads, followed by Prince Regent, Star, Princess Charlotte, Montreal, Toronto, Niagara, and Netley. Yeo's ships ruled Lake Ontario in the fall of 1814, while the Americans stayed in port building their response. Another year …

     

      The government transport schooner Speedy off Brighton, Ontario. A precursor of the topsail schooners common in the War of 1812, Speedy was lost with all hands on October 7, 1804 in a ferocious gale in Lake Ontario.

      About 8:00 in the evening, October 19, 1814, Lake Ontario off Niagara. Flagship HMS S. Lawrence takes a strike to her mainmast while hove to. HM Ships Prince Regent and Princess Charlotte are seen in the distance.

      Duplicate of a small watercolor in the 1877 Van Cleve folio at Buffalo History Museum. The oil paint is not necessarily artist's paint.

      Painting:Oil

      The British squadron found the American warships at the Genesee River near Rochester, but during the battle, the British found themselves with no wind, while their enemy retained it. The British ordered sailors in boats to tow ships away from the longer range guns of the American ships. The corvette …

      With anchored U. S. schooners providing close support, American infantry boats came ashore near Fort George at the mouth of the Niagara River. This successful amphibious attack provided a useful template for combined navy-army operations in the years to come.

      Black and white photograph of the wreck of the D. FREEMAN of Port Hope seven miles west of Oswego on the south shore of Lake Ontario after her grounding on 14 Aug. 1888.